{"id":4982,"date":"2025-07-29T17:40:36","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T15:40:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qwarzo.com\/what-does-compostable-packaging-mean-definition-benefits-and-differences-from-biodegradable-packaging\/"},"modified":"2025-07-31T15:53:12","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T13:53:12","slug":"what-does-compostable-packaging-mean-definition-benefits-and-differences-from-biodegradable-packaging","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qwarzo.com\/en\/what-does-compostable-packaging-mean-definition-benefits-and-differences-from-biodegradable-packaging\/","title":{"rendered":"What does compostable packaging mean? Definition, benefits, and differences from biodegradable packaging"},"content":{"rendered":"

Compostable packaging<\/strong> is a type of packaging designed to fully break down through natural biological processes, turning into compost, water, and carbon dioxide without leaving harmful residues or microplastics. This process occurs under controlled conditions of temperature, humidity, and oxygen, through the action of aerobic microorganisms (bacteria and fungi). According to the European standard UNI EN 13432<\/strong>, a material must disintegrate within 12 weeks and biodegrade at least 90% within 6 months\u2014without compromising compost quality (i.e., no heavy metals or toxic substances)\u2014to be defined as compostable.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

What is the difference between compostable and biodegradable packaging?<\/h2>\n

Biodegradability is a general property: it indicates that a material can be broken down by natural microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae) into simpler compounds. However, it does not specify the required time, conditions, or absence of residues. Some biodegradable materials may take years to fully degrade, especially in oxygen-poor or low-temperature environments, and can leave behind microplastic traces.
\nCompostable, on the other hand, is a stricter and measurable subset of biodegradability. It must ensure physical disintegration within 12 weeks and chemical biodegradation within 180 days (i.e., 90% of organic carbon turned into CO\u2082), with no toxic substances and a neutral or positive impact on the resulting compost. In short: all compostable materials are biodegradable, but not all biodegradable materials are compostable.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

How does packaging compostability work?<\/h2>\n

The compostability process of packaging is driven by a series of biological and chemical transformations in the presence of oxygen (aerobic composting). During degradation, the organic polymers in the packaging are broken down by extracellular enzymes into simple molecules (monomers, organic acids), which are then metabolized into CO\u2082, H\u2082O, and biomass.
\nEnvironmental conditions are key:
\n\u2022 Temperature: around 55\u201360\u202f\u00b0C for industrial composting
\n\u2022 Humidity: 50\u201360%
\n\u2022 Constant oxygenation
\n\u2022 Neutral or slightly acidic pH<\/p>\n

There are two main types of composting<\/p>\n

Industrial Composting<\/h3>\n

This takes place in specialized facilities where environmental conditions are optimized and controlled to enable rapid and safe decomposition of organic materials<\/strong>. The process can be completed in about 90 days and also handles more \u201cresistant\u201d compostable materials like certain bioplastics.
\nMany certified packaging materials (e.g., PLA or paper with compostable coatings) do not degrade effectively in home environments and require industrial conditions. This leads to a common misconception: consumers, seeing \u201ccompostable\u201d on the label, often assume they can compost it at home, when the material actually needs high temperature and humidity not achievable in household composting.
\nHence, it’s crucial that packaging clearly indicates whether it is only industrially compostable, to prevent incorrect disposal that undermines both home composting and separate waste collection systems.<\/p>\n

Home Composting<\/h3>\n

This occurs in home compost bins or outdoor heaps, where conditions are variable<\/strong> and generally suboptimal. Temperatures rarely exceed 30\u201340\u202f\u00b0C, significantly slowing the breakdown of complex materials.
\nOnly easily degradable items, like untreated paper, food scraps, and certain biopolymers certified for home use, can be composted this way. For home composting suitability, a product must display a certification like \u201cOK compost HOME\u201d (issued by T\u00dcV Austria), ensuring it composts even under milder conditions.
\nMisunderstandings are common here too: many industrially compostable materials are mistakenly added to home compost bins, where they do not fully degrade, causing residues, odors, and contamination\u2014disheartening consumers who expect the material to “disappear” after a few months.<\/p>\n

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Food packaging made by Qwarzo for Flo Group<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

Education and transparency: a critical issue<\/h3>\n

Brands must provide clear labeling, and citizens must learn the difference between the two composting methods. The term \u201ccompostable,\u201d if not accompanied by clear disposal instructions, can lead to well-meaning but harmful behaviors, both for the environment and waste collection efficiency.
\nEvery compostable product should state:
\n\u2022 Where it can be composted (industrial facility or home compost)
\n\u2022 Timeframes for degradation
\n\u2022 Certifications supporting the claim<\/p>\n

Only then can compostable packaging be a real sustainable solution, not just a label.<\/p>\n

What environmental benefits does compostable packaging offer?<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Adopting compostable packaging brings several scientifically documented environmental benefits:
\n1. Reduction of Plastic Pollution<\/strong>
\nCompostable materials are often derived from renewable biopolymers (e.g., PLA \u2013 polylactic acid, corn starch, cellulose, or PHA \u2013 polyhydroxyalkanoates), which do not leave microplastics or persist in the environment. If properly disposed of, they don\u2019t contribute to marine or landfill waste.
\n2. Enhancement of Organic Waste<\/strong>
\nCompostable packaging can be discarded with food scraps in organic waste collection, helping produce high-quality compost for agriculture and urban greenery. This reduces landfill use and closes the carbon loop.
\n3. Lower Climate Impact<\/strong>
\nProducing compostable biopolymers\u2014especially from non-food-competitive plant sources\u2014generates a lower carbon footprint than traditional plastics. Additionally, the resulting compost can enhance soil\u2019s carbon retention capacity, helping to mitigate climate change.<\/p>\n

How to recognize certified compostable packaging?<\/h2>\n

To ensure a package is truly compostable (and not just greenwashed), look for recognized certifications. The main ones include:
\n– UNI EN 13432: European standard for industrially compostable materials. Defines biodegradability, disintegration, ecotoxicity, and heavy metal content requirements.
\n– OK compost INDUSTRIAL (T\u00dcV Austria): Indicates suitability for industrial composting only.
\n– OK compost HOME: Certifies compostability in home settings.
\n– Seedling (sprout logo): European mark by European Bioplastics, compliant with EN 13432.<\/p>\n

Practical consumer tips:<\/strong>
\n– Look for the logo directly on the package.
\n– Check for specific wording like \u201cindustrially compostable\u201d or \u201csuitable for home composting.\u201d
\n– Avoid vague terms like \u201cbiodegradable\u201d or \u201c100% natural\u201d unless backed by official certification.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Starbucks’ new iconic cups use Qwarzo\u00ae coating<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/h3>\n

Compostable packaging is a tangible solution to reduce the environmental impact of packagin, <\/strong>provided it’s properly designed, transparently certified, and correctly disposed of.
\nIt offers measurable benefits: less plastic waste, enhanced organic recycling, lower CO\u2082 emissions. But for the system to work, consumers must be informed, and infrastructure for organic waste collection and treatment must improve.
\nLooking ahead, innovation in sustainable materials is opening new paths.<\/p>\n

One example is Qwarzo\u00ae, our mineral-based coating for paper, cardboard, or natural fibers<\/a><\/strong>. It not only offers high barrier performance against water, humidity, oils, and oxygen, but also preserves the compostability of the substrate it\u2019s applied to<\/strong>\u2014making it certifiable for home composting.
\nThis means that materials treated with Qwarzo\u00ae<\/strong> can effectively degrade even in uncontrolled conditions, making the shift toward truly circular packaging more widespread and accessible.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The future of sustainable packaging lies in solutions like this: transparent, high-performing, and compatible with everyday life. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4960,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-en"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat does compostable packaging mean? Definition, benefits, and differences from biodegradable packaging<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover compostable packaging: the solution that reduces plastic waste and decomposes naturally. 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